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Pursuer-distancer cycle: anxious-avoidant relationships

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In the pursuer-distancer cycle, one of you moves closer and one moves away, and each move may be protecting something the other can't see. People often call this an anxious-avoidant cycle.

Rules this may be

The short answer

  • One partner moves closer and the other moves away, and each move may be protecting something the other can't see.
  • Following may be about not being picked, or about ending the upset.
  • Leaving may be about not being seen upset, or about not putting your upset on anyone.
  • Some of it is ordinary: some people need an hour before they can talk.

One of you wants to talk about it now. The other needs an hour, or a day. The first follows the second from room to room, and the second gets quieter. It ends with one of you talking to a closed door, and both of you alone. I ask, they go quiet, I ask again, and now I'm mad about the quiet instead of the thing I asked.

This page is for both of you, and it takes neither side.

01

What each of you does

One of you closes the distance. You raise it again, you text from the next room, you ask what is wrong until something gives.

One of you opens the distance. You go quiet, you find something to do, you say you are fine and need a minute.

Each of you has a name for the other. Needy, or cold. Each name describes what the other does and says nothing about what it is for.

The cost is shared. The one who follows can end up louder than they meant to be. The one who leaves can end up further away than they meant to go. The conversation may not happen for either of you.

The sides can also switch. The one who withdraws in a fight may be the one who pursues about money, or the other way around.

02

What may be under the pursuing

Chosen

"I need to be chosen."

What hurts may be being walked away from, more than the subject. Under Chosen, the fear is that if you are not selected, you were not enough to select. A closed door may read as not being picked.

Read about Chosen →
Peace

"If everyone is okay, then I'm okay."

The following may be an attempt to end the upset. Under Peace, the fear is that someone's disappointment means you did something wrong. You may not be able to rest until it is fixed.

Read about Peace →

03

What may be under the withdrawing

Strong

"Strong is the only version of me they know."

Leaving may be a way of not being seen while upset. Under Strong, the fear is that if they see you struggle, you lose the only standing you have.

Read about Strong →
Burden

"Asking creates a debt I don't want to carry."

Leaving may be a way of not putting your upset on anyone. Under Burden, the fear is that your needs make you too much, and too much gets left.

Read about Burden →

These are possibilities for each side, and other rules can produce either move. It may be none of them.

04

How the two can lock together

Each move can set off the other's fear.

To the one pursuing, silence may look like the thing they feared. So they follow harder.

To the one withdrawing, being followed may feel like a demand to show what they were leaving in order to hide, or like proof that they are too much. So they go further.

Neither of you is causing it alone. The loop may be doing most of the work.

05

A question for each of you

Answer for yourself only, and not for each other.

For the one who pursues, between Peace and Chosen. Would you rather have no conflict and be nobody's favorite, or be someone's favorite and have friction? Taking no conflict is the Peace answer. Taking the favorite is the Chosen answer.

For the one who withdraws, between Strong and Burden. If someone helped you and literally nobody would ever know, would you accept? Yes is the Strong answer. Still no is the Burden answer.

If a question doesn't sort anything, there is not enough to tell yet, and that is a result.

Some of this is ordinary. Some people do need an hour before they can talk, and some people do think out loud. That is an ordinary difference between people, and it is not a rule.

If either of you is afraid of what the other will do, this page does not apply.The National Domestic Violence Hotline is 1-800-799-7233. If tonight is an emergency, call or text 988 (US). This library is not that door.

Taking away the explanations that don't fit, one at a time, is subtraction.

How two rules can meet in one relationship is on Two Rules in One Relationship.

Common questions

Why does my partner shut down when I try to talk?

Leaving the conversation can protect different things, such as not being seen while upset, or not wanting to put their upset on you. It isn't necessarily about you.

Why do I keep chasing my partner?

For some people, being walked away from hurts more than the subject. For others, they can't rest until the upset is fixed.

Is the pursue-withdraw cycle anyone's fault?

Each move can set off the other's fear, so neither person is doing it alone.

Your next step

Read this one page next.

Just one. You don't have to read them all.

More like this (3)WithdrawingTwo rules in one relationshipWhy do relationship patterns repeat?

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When this may need professional support. If what you are dealing with includes self-harm, severe depression or anxiety, substance dependence, or trauma symptoms that disrupt daily life, licensed mental-health care is the right door. Project Gina does not replace it. In the US, call or text 988.
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